Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticle Vaccine Adjuvant 


Despite the presence of many compounds that are clearly more potent as vaccine adjuvants than alum, risk of toxicity has been the single most important impediment in introducing them in human vaccines. This became the driving force in development of safer and alternative new adjuvants for human vaccines. We believe our CaP nanoparticle vaccine adjuvant technology (CaPtiVaxTM) has the potential to play a major role in this growing market.
CaP nanoparticle technology offers a unique platform for delivering drugs or vaccines and enhancing immune response to viral, bacterial, or parasitic antigens. Since its development in the early 2000s, our technology has also been independently tested by others and demonstrated superior to alum and most other adjuvants in enhancing a broad spectrum of immune responses to a wide range of vaccine antigens (e.g. protein subunits, DNA vaccines, peptide antigens, live attenuated or killed viruses). 

Despite the presence of many compounds that are clearly more potent as vaccine adjuvants than alum, risk of toxicity has been the single most important impediment in introducing them in human vaccines. This became the driving force in development of safer and alternative new adjuvants for human vaccines. We believe our CaP nanoparticle vaccine adjuvant technology (CaPtiVaxTM) has the potential to play a major role in this growing market.

In a Phase I “safety and toxicity” study conducted with an IND approved in the USA, CaP administered in healthy human subjects was reported non-inflammatory, non-toxic, non-reactogenic.


In pre-clinical studies, CaP was shown safe for injection and also for mucosal administration. Studies also indicated its potential for development of not only prophylactic but also therapeutic vaccines against intracellular pathogens. By in vitro and preclinical in vivo studies, CaP exhibited ability to promote antigen uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and activation of dendritic cells (DCs), ability to direct Ag presentation by MHC-II molecules to induce antigen-specific activation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL).


In pre-clinical acute toxicity studies in guinea pigs, CaP given orally, via intramuscular or intradermal injections, or by inhalation has been found non-toxic, un-inflammatory, and not allergic. 

The CaP manufacturing process has been scaled up and pilot-scale GMP manufacturing achieved. CaP manufacturing is simple, reproducible, flexible, and can easily be incorporated in vaccine manufacturing processes; industrial or bench scale.